As of 2010, China alone has more than 40 manufacturers of taurine. In 1993, about 5,000–6,000 tonnes of taurine were produced for commercial purposes: 50% for pet food and 50% in pharmaceutical applications. A direct approach involves the reaction of aziridine with sulfurous acid. Synthetic taurine is obtained by the ammonolysis of isethionic acid (2-hydroxyethanesulfonic acid), which in turn is obtained from the reaction of ethylene oxide with aqueous sodium bisulfite. The sulfonic acid has a low p K a ensuring that it is fully ionized to the sulfonate at the pHs found in the intestinal tract. Taurine exists as a zwitterion H 3N +CH 2CH 2SO − 3, as verified by X-ray crystallography. Taurine concentrations in land plants are low or undetectable, but up to 1,000 nmol/g wet weight have been found in algae. Taurine is used as a food additive for cats, dogs, and poultry. Taurine is commonly sold as a dietary supplement, but there is no good clinical evidence that taurine supplements provide any benefit to human health. Īlthough taurine is abundant in human organs with diverse putative roles, it is not an essential dietary nutrient and is not included among nutrients with a recommended intake level. It was discovered in human bile in 1846 by Edmund Ronalds. Taurine is named after Latin taurus ( cognate to Ancient Greek ταῦρος, taûros) meaning bull or ox, as it was first isolated from ox bile in 1827 by German scientists Friedrich Tiedemann and Leopold Gmelin. It is a major constituent of bile and can be found in the large intestine, and accounts for up to 0.1% of total human body weight. Although it may seem a bit of a hassle to add these six supplements to your plant-based routine, it's important to be a "smart vegan" and make sure you're giving your body everything it needs to function optimally.Taurine ( / ˈ t ɔː r iː n/), or 2-aminoethanesulfonic acid, is a non-proteinogenic amino sulfonic acid that is widely distributed in animal tissues. Moving to a vegan diet is not only supported by thousands of medical research studies, but it is also endorsed by the United Nations, Oxford University, the USDA Food Guidelines, and the Association of Nutrition and Dietitians. Vegan diets are an amazing choice for health, promoting a clean planet and being mindful of the life of animals farmed for human consumption. There are a number of vegan supplements available providing 50 to 100 ug of vitamin K2 a day, usually from natto. This vitamin can be found in foods such as sauerkraut, plant-based kefir, unpasteurized kombucha, vegan kimchi, and natto. As our bodies age, there is a reduction in vitamin K2 production, so it is recommended that adult vegans supplement. Our bodies can convert the vitamin K1 found in dark leafy greens to K2, but it is uncertain how much is being converted, and measuring blood levels is not routine. Vitamin K2 directs calcium to bones rather than arteries and has been shown to work well when combined with vitamin D to promote strong bones and a healthy heart. The following list is what I add to my plant-based diet to maximize results (hint: The first three are the most important). Most of the adults I seen in the clinic, whether their diet is vegan or otherwise, lack important nutrients that show up on the advanced testing I perform. This is not a limitation of the vegan diet but represents the state of the world with depleted soil and indoor lifestyles resulting in uniformly low vitamin intake. And while this may work in a pinch, the mainstay of a health-promoting eating pattern needs to be whole foods with single ingredients, focusing on nonprocessed staples like fruits, vegetables, legumes, whole grains, nuts, and seeds.īeyond highly processed junk food, another trap some vegans fall into is ignoring the need to supplement intelligently. For example, both Taco Bell and White Castle are promoting plant-based options. After 40 years of choosing a plant-based diet and 30 years of advising patients to do the same, I still get concerned when I see vegans eating a poor diet, as there are a variety of foods that carry the vegan label but are unlikely to promote health.
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